Concrete-wall boxing



A. J. COOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR AL 55727 J(00/ 0? Original Filed Auz. 25. 1925 ATTORNEYS Nov. 1,1927. 1,647,685

1 v A. J. COOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING Original Filed Aug. 1925 5sheets-sheet 2 IUD IQNVENVTOR 4455/27 1 (00/ 5? BY /W Y'j flw z/cmATTORNEYJ Nov. 1, 1927.

A. J. COOPER CONCRETE WALL RTE-KING INVENTOR ALB/.VFT f (OOPf/f flATTORNEYS Original Filed Aug. 25. 1925 Nov. 1, 1927. 1,647,685

A. J. .OOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING Original Filed Aug. 4 1925' 5Sheets-Sheet 4 a fw/ f Y A57 INVENTOR AA 5557 J (00pm BY W @L ATTORNEYSNov. 1, 1927. 1,647,685

A. J.- COOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING Original Filed Aug. 25. 1925 5Sheets-Sheet 5 Jig/Z INVENTOR A 1 BfAT J Coo/ ER ATTORNEYS Patented Nov.1, 1927.

UNITED STATES tenses PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT LT. COOPER, OF TIMARU, NEl/V ZEALAND.

CONCRETE-'WALL BOXING.

Application filed August 25, 1925, Serial Nb. 52,263. Renewed September22, 1927.

This invention relates to a Concrete wall boning for the pouring ofconcrete walls in progressive stages.

it has been proposed in United States Patent No. 1,478,653, to A. E.Holmes, issued December 25, 1923, to pour concrete walls in progressivestages by means of boxing consisting in series of paired side units foreach side of the wall linked together so that after the second stage ispoured and the bottom stage is set, the bottom units can be swung overthe top units to form a boring or form for a succeeding stage. Theboxings are aligned by means of horizontal spreaders locking intofixtures mounted on the boxing and preventing lateral strain. his typeof wall boxing operates satisfactorily where the perimeter of the wallto be poured is sufiieiently large and the concrete quick setting sothat the first is hardened after completion of the pouring ot the secondstage.

The above described wall boxing is, however, open to the seriousdisadvantage that where the perimeter of the wall to be poured isrelatively small and where the .concrete does not set very quickly, itis not possible to pour continuously as the lower stage will not setduring the time taken in pouring the upper stage, and it is accordinglynecessary to pour intermittently or to provide for auxiliary forms. Theboxing of the above mentioned patent is also adapted only for pouringwalls having straight faces and can not be used where insets orprojecting ledges are to be formed in the wall.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a wall boning whichoperates in an improved manner and obviates the disadvantages mentionedabove in connection with the boxing of the Holmes patent and enab eswalls of varying perimeter to be poured in stages continuously.

" is a further object of the present invento provide a boxing which maybe used only for pouring straight walls, but for insets and ledges in acontinuous and efiicient manner.

V ith the above objects in view, the invention will be illustrated bythe description of the preferred construction shown in the drawings. Itshould be understood, of course, that the preferred constructions to bedescribed below are only illustrations of the principle of the presentinvention which is not limited thereto. More particularly,

the invention is not limited to a specific construction, shape offittings and number of boxing units, but, on the contrary, other andsimilar fittings and linkages may be used and a' greater number of unitsmay be employed. Other and further variations will be clear to thoseskilled in the art.

In the drawings which illustrate the preferred constructions andmodifications of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section of a concrete wall being poured instages and having the lower left hand corner broken away to show themounting of the spre'aders in the concrete. The figure illustrates at-hree unit boxing of th-e'present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical elevation 01" a portion of the boxing units showingthe fittings and linkages set for swinging the bottom boxing unit overthe two upper. units as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical elevation of a portion of the boxing unit shown inFig. 2 and shows the unit-s after the bottom section has been swung overthe upper two sections;

Fig. 4 is a similar elevation showing the changed connections ready forthe second swing;

Fig. 5 is a detailed view of a bolt and link connection in the unitfitting;

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate two types oi fiat Spreaders in plan view;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of a different type of spreader;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an adjustable spreader having removableslotted ends;

Fig. IQ is a cross-section through a con crete wall similar to Fig. 1,showing a fourunit boxing;

Figs. 11 and 12 are illustrations of the tour-unit boxing shown in Fig.10, showing the position of the linkages before and after swinging thebottom unit over the three upper units; I

Fig. 13 is an elevation of part of the. linkages shown in Fig. 12 andindicating the change of connections for the next swing;

Fig. 14 is a cross-section through a con orete wall showing the methodof pouring an inset;

Fig. 15 is an elevation showing the linkages of Fig. 4; and

Figs. 16 and 17 are respectively a crossseetion and elevation similar toFigs. 1e and 15, but illustrating the pouring of an oi? set ledge.

:r: in

In the drawings, the various concrete stages are indicated by theletters a, b, 0, (Z, etc, and individual parts of the units used inpouring these sections bear a reference numeral followed by the lettercorrespond ing to the stage ori inally poured by means of the unit.Linkages connecting two units will bear the letter corresponding to thelower unit.

The three-unit boxing shown in Figs. 1 to 4i consists in three sets ofhorizontal forms 1, provider. at suitable intervals with angle ironfittings 2. The angle iron faces which are at right angles to the forms1 are provided with long slots 8 in which the toggle bolts 7 arearranged to slide. The bolts are preterably provided with washers 13 andwith two spaced holes to take the pins 27 which serve to retain thewasher 18 while the links 3 are connected by means of the toggles 37(see Fig. 5). The angle irons are provided with upper projections 12 andat their lower ends with the movable latches 10. The vertical faces ofthe angle irons are also provided at the top with grooves 11.

In the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the lowest fitting 2 isconnected by the bolt 7 to the link 3 which is slightly shorter than thefitting and is provided at its center with the stud 5 fitting on oneside in the groove 11 and carrying on its other extension the short link4: which is slightl longer than onehal:t the length of the a i it ironfitting. in a similar manner. th hitin 2 is connected to the link 3 bythe bol; the stud 5" of the link fitting into the groove 11" andcarrying on its opposite projection the short link i The links 3 and i"are connected by the bolt 6 provided with the toggle 26. The upper endof the link 3 is connected to the fitting 2 by means of the bolt 7 andis held in position by the toggle 3?.. The units 1 1 and 1 are preventedfrom lateral movement by the spreaders 89, provided with the slots 40 a(see Fig ure 9). The slots 42 engage with the projection 12 on the angleiron fittings and the slots 40 engage with the movable latches 10.

The spreaders illustrated of the type shown in Figure 9 and consist of aflat body 39 with turned-up and screw-threaded ends, into which twoslotted end pieces 38 are screwed. The end pieces carry the slots l0 and42. The above described type of sgreader constitutes the preferred shapeas it is adjustable for width and when the concrete wall is poured, theend pieces may be removed, leaving no projecting metal and providingholes in the concrete anchor reinforcements and which may be used forattaching hinges, moldings, brackets or other attachments without theuse of wooden clubs which have hereto-tore been necessary whereattachments were fastened to concrete walls The invention, however, isnot limited to the use of the preferred type of spreader, but flatspreaders such as those illustrated in Fig. 6 and wire spreadersillustrated in Fig. 8

may also be used.

The concrete stage a is first poured, followed in succession by thestages 7) and c. the pouring of stage a,

On completion of a is usually sui'i ciently set to permit removal of theboxing to form a new stag This is eiiected by lowering the fittings 2until the upper projection 12 clears the slot 412' in the spreader 39the bolt 7 sliding in the slot 8. [a latch 10 is then withdrawn in thespreader 39 and the Fiqs. 3 and P are placed a ross the up 381 0 I u A aedges oi the units 1 and engage with the project'ons 12 The latches 1Oare also lowered with the slots 40 in the spreaders 39.

[in additional stage of concrete is then poured and the connect ons areshifted siiown in Fig. st so that the upper end of the link 3 isdisconnected tron. the bolt T and is connected by scans of the bolt 6 tothe short link e. The bolt 7 is slid upwardly in its slot 8 and isconnected to the lower end of link 3 The cha: get positions of bolts 6and 7 are indicated in An inspection of the new connectio will show thatthe links are in the same relation as in Fig. 2, except that the'units land 1 with their connected fittings have interchanged places. Att'tcrpouring the stage in the nold termed by the un ts i in thei aisedposition, the stage 6 is sufficien to remove a. set the form and theunits 1" are swung up in the manner just described in connection withthe swir of the un ts 1. The cycle rep ated unt the top 0 -.e wall isreacl rt link iis shown connected to each of the links 3 and 3". This ispreferred construction obviates the necessity of disconnecting two boltsand shifting the short link bodily. But it is clear that a single shortlink may be used instead of two short links and may be shifted from stud5' in Fig. 8 to 5 in The toggle fitting for connecting the links to thebolts constitute my preferred construction one link to the other whileat the same time providing a substantially firm anchorage when opened.The invention is, however, not limited to the double fastening on tiectto it makes a rapid change from law) bolts but other equivalentfastening such as pins, nuts, and the like, may be used in stead oftoggles illustrated in the drawings.

Links 3 and 3" in F 2 to 4 are somewhat loosely connected at their endsand are capable of su'liicient play'to move outwardly to clear the bolts7 when the links are disconnected l romone bolt 7 and connected to theshort arm through bolt 6 as shown in Fig. 4. It is, accordingly,unnecessary to 'disconnect the pins 27 and withdraw the bolts 7 throughthe slots when changing, but where a tight. fitting link is desired.this procedure may be adopted, although it is less advantageous,involving, as it does, two extra operations.

Figs. 10 to 13 are similar to Figs. 1 to 4 and illustrate a secondpreferred form of my invention in which four units of boxing areemployed. This construction makes it possible to pour four successivelayers without shitting forms and thus allows the lowest stage orsection a longer time to set. This is of advantage where a slow settingconcrete is used or where the perimeter of the wall is not very great asin the case of small buildings, such as concrete garages, and the like.Figs. 10 to 13 also illustrate the use of wire spreaders shown in Fig.8. Other types of spreaders may be use andI prefer to use the adjustableand removable end spreader shown in F ig. 9, the provision of wirespreaders in these figures of the drawing being purely for the purposeof illustrating the use of this type of spreader and does not indicatethat the wirespreader is particularly suitable 'in connection with thecasting or insets.

The tour forms 1 on each side of the wall are provided with angle ironfittings 2 of the same shape as the fittings on the threeunit boxingshown in Figs. 1 to 4. Three links 3 of lengths slightly less than theangle iron fittings are used to connect the fittings, but instead ofbeing provided with double studs 5 as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, they areprovided with single studs 85 fitting into the grooves 11 of the angleirons. In the position shown in Fig. 11, the fitting 2' is connected tothe lower end of link 8 by the bolt 7 which slides in the slot 8 Thestud 35 of the link 3 fits in the groove 11. The upper end of the link 3is connected to the link 14 by the bolt 16. The link 14 is of the samelength as an angle iron fitting and is connected to the bolt 15 whichpasses through the center of the slot 8 in the angle iron 2. The angleirons 2 and .2 are joined by means otthe link '3 carrying the stud 35which fits in the groove 11*. The lower end of the link 3 is in turnconnected to the angle iron 2 by means of the bolt 7 at the upper end ofthe slot, while the upper end of the link 3""is connected to the fitting2 by means or the bolt 17 in the lower end of the slot 8 In a similarmanner, the angle iron fittings 2 and 2 are. joined by the link 3carrying the stud 35 fitting in the groove 11. The lower end of the.link 3 is connected to the fitting 2 by means of the bolt 7 c at theupper end of the slot, while the upper end is connected to the fitting 2by means of the bolt 17 fitting in the lower end of the slot 8. Thebolts 7, 15, 16 and 17 are provided with pins and toggles in the. samemanner as the corresponding bolts 7, 6 and in Figs. 2 to 5, but anyotherdetachable connection may be used.

fter the stage a is set, the unit 1 is slid downwardly until theprojections 1:2 on the fittings 2 are withdrawn from the slots 22 of thespreaders 9,". The latches are then withdwrawn from the slots 20* of theSpreaders 9 and the unit 1 is freed and is swung outwardly and upwardlyby the links 3 and 14 about the pivot -into the position shown in Fig.10, the unit 1 being rotated about the bolts 7 as pivots during theswing so as to present its lower edge to the spreader 9 The latches 10are then engaged with the slots of the spreaders 9 and spreaders 9 areplaced across the forms 1? engaging the projections 12 (see Fig. 10).

The mold defined by the units 1 in its raised position is then used topour the fifth stage. On completion of the pouring when the stage 7) hasset, the connections of the links are changed to the positionshown inFig. 11. Bolt 16 is disconnecte-dfrom' link 3 and bolt 17 from link 3".Bolt 15 is then disconnected from link 14, removed from slotS andinserted in'slot 84. Link 14 is then connected to bolt 15 in the newposition and bolt 16 is connected to the upper end of link 3 afterremoving bolt 17. This latter bolt is then used to. connect fitting 2with link 3. A ter the change is completed and the bolts are in thepositions shown in F 11, unit 1 can be swung up on top oi 1 by goingthrough the same procedure described above in connection with theswinging of unit 1*. The cycle is then repeated until the top of thewall is reached.

Insets can be poured in the wall by the modification of linkage shown inFigs. 14 and 15 which illustrate a three stage linkage adapted for usein casting insets into walls. The figures show the staging after theinset unit has been swung into position. When comparing Figs. 14 and 15with Fig. 3, which shows a straight three unit boxing after swinging thebottom unit on top of the two upper units, it will be seen that thechange consists in connecting the end of the link 3? to the shortadjustable link 23 provided with adjustment holes 24 instead ofconnecting it directly to the bolt 7 a in the fitting 2 This connectionmay be effected by the prolei;

vision of a bolt 25 uniting thetwo links.

shaoe of sn'eader 19 shown in Fi 6. A

1 l a latch 1O connects with an extra slot 33. A

shortspreader 28 of the same shape as the ordinary spreaders 9 is placedacross the top of the forms 1 and is provided with slots 3 engaging withthe projections 12. The linked connections are then shifted in themanner similar to Fig. 4 and after pouring the stage (Z, the unit 1 isswung into position about the pivot 5 a second adjusting link beinginterposed between the bolt 7' and the link 3".

Where it is desired to cast an inset or groove of a width of one stageand return it immediately to the former wall line, a spreader 28 of theshape of spreader 29 is used and the form 1 is swung without using aspacing link. A removable bottom board for the outward jut must then beprovided which is illustrated in connection with the en'ibodiment of myinvention shown in Figs. 16 and 17.

it is clear that any number of successive insets may be cast by usinginset links of the proper length and I do not limit myself to theconstruction for use in casting single insets.

it further modification of the invention which can be used for castingjutting ledges is illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17. The drawings show thelinks in the position after the unit 1 has been swung up into positionand the concrete poured.

The connections are similar to those shown in Fig. 3, except thatinstead of a link 4 of one-half the length of the fitting and turning onthe stud 5 as a pivot, an adjustable full length link 30 is attached tothe link 3 at its center, the stud 5 being connected to the desired wall31. The opposite end of the offset link 30 is then connected to theupper end of the link 3 by the bolt 32. Form 1 is then swung on the bolt32 as a pivot to the position shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the length ofthe off-set being determined by the length of the oft-set link 30. Whenthe stage (Z has been poured, the fitting 2 is connectec to the swinginglinkage through a second adjustable link so as to swing into position ontop of the spreader 18, the swing being made from the bottom of link 30as a pivot. in a similar manner, form 1 is swung after a further stageis poured and thereafter the adjustable link is dispensed with and theusual one-half length link shown in Figs. 2 to i is used to swing u theforms. length of the outset is determined by connecting the bolt withthe stud 5 to theattaching hole 31 in the offset link 30. The lengthenedspreader 19, shown in Fig. 7, is used and an auxiliary bottom board 15'is inserted in order to form a flat form for the concrete poured in theoff-set sections. Spreaders 18 are used to lock with the projections 12these spreaders being of the same shape as the spreaders 9 but ofgreater length.

The wall can be continued with the increased thickness or it may beimmediately inset to the former thickness. Offsets and insets of.different width may also be combined in various sequences as will appearto those skilled in the art, the thickness being determined by theadjustment of the offset or inset links.

The present invention is applicable to any type or form of construction,whether wood or metal and the length of the units can be adjusted topermit easy swinging. In general, with wooden form units of averagethickness, 1 find that about 12 feet is a desirable length of form forstraight wall work, but longer or shorter lengths may be used. T heheight may vary, but I prefer to use heights of about 1 to 2- feet. Thefittings 2 are usually placed about every three feet, but the spacingmay be varied depending on the weight of the form units, the fittingsbeing sufficiently close to provide for a firm swinging of the units.

In the preferred modification illustrated in the drawings, I have shownthe use of angle iron fittings and I find that this type of fitting isvery satisfactory for most forms but it should be understood that theinvention is in no wise limited to the particular shape of the fittingsand other shapes may be used, such as T-shapes and the like whichprovide for the attaching face to the form and a projecting face tocarry the link pivots.

The spreaders may be combined with reinforcements for the concrete "allin any suitable mann-er and in general any construction which providesfor locking means to prevent lateral spreading of the forms may be usedin the place of spreaders.

I have shown two preferred modifications consisting in three-unit andfour-unit boxings, respectively, and for most purposes I find that it isunnecessary to go beyond four units. However, my invention is notlimited to the use of three or four units and it will be clear to thoseskilled in the art that a greater number of units may be used bycombining short and long swinging links corresponding to the links 4Land 14: shown The in the drawings in order to produce a swing of thedesired length. Thus, for example, in a five-forn'i unit, it would benecessary to use a swinging link 1 times as long as the individual unitfittings. In a six-stage construction, the swinging link would be twicethe length of the fitting.

The swinging links may be provided with holes at both ends as shown inthe drawings or they may be perforated for their whole length so thatany swinging link can be used either for a straight swing or as an insetor oil set link interchangeably. Other and further modifications ottheinvention willbe clear to those skilled in the art and are in tendedto be included within the scope of the present invention.

What I claim is:

1. Concrete. wall boxing comprising in combination a .series of at leastthree lateral boxing units for each side of the wall, said units beingconnected by linkages, means for progressively swinging the lowest uniton top of the top unit without disconnecting the swinging unit duringthe swing, and means for permitting rotation of the unit about ahorizontal axis during the swing.

2. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination a series of at leastthree lateral boxing units for each side of the wall connected togetherthrough linkages and locked against lateral movement by detachablelooking spreaders, means for swinging the lowest unit on top of the topunit without disconnecting the swinging unit from the other units duringthe swing, and means for permitting rotation of the swinging units abouta horizontal axis during the swing.

8. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination a series of lateralboxing units for each side of the wall connected together throughlinkages, means for progressively swinging the lowest unit to thelevelof the top of the top unit but into a plane parallel to, buthorizontally spaced from, the plane of the upper units, and means forpermitting rotation of the swinging unit about a horizontal axis duringthe swing.

4. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination aseries of at leastthree lateral boxing units for each side of the wall, fittings on theoutside of said units at laterally spaced intervals, the fittings oneach unit being in the same vertical lines with corresponding fittingson the other units of the series, locking spreade-rs detachablyconnecting corresponding units of the two series and preventing lateralmovement when locked, detachable connecting links joining the centralportion of vertically adjacent fittings and being slightly shorter thanthe height of the boxing unit, a swinging link ofthe same length as theconnecting links and detachably and pivotal'ly connected to the centerof progressively each lower fitting, pivots connected to the upperfittings of the same row and situated one-half way between the upperedge o1 the lowest boxing unit and the upper edge of the top unit, and alink joining the pivot and the swinging link and detachably connected tothe latter.

5. Concrete wall boxing according to claim 4- in which the links ares'lidably attached to the fittings to permit limited vertical movemerit.

Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination two series of at leastthree lat-- eral boxing units, oneseries for 611 Side of the wall, angleiron fittings on each unit and arranged in vertical rows with corre'irons of the lowest units, pivots connected to the upper unit fittingsat a position one-half way between the upper edge of the lowest unit andthe upper edge of the top unit, and links mounted on the pivots anddetachably connected to the upper ends of the swinging links.

7. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination two series of at leastthree lateral boxing units, one series for each side of the wall, eachunit being provided with angle iron fittings arranged to form verticalrows with the corresponding fittings on the other units and beingopposite. corresponding fitting rows of the boxing units on the oppositeside of the wall, said angle irons being attached by one face to theunits and extending vertically, a. projection on the face parallel tothe unit and extending above the unit, an off-set slidable latch on thelower end of said face reaching in its extended position below the loweredge of the unit, a circular groove at the upper end. of the angle ironface perpendicular to the unit and flush with the top of the unit,locking spreaders provided with the s'lots at their ends and adapted toengage the projections and latches on the fittings and to preventlateral movement of the fittings when locked. links of length slightlyless than the vertical height of a unit and connecting vertica lyadjacent angle irons by means of detachable bolts pivoted in the ends ofthe links and sliding in the slots of the angle irons, said linkscarrying central projections registering with the grooves in the top ofthe angle irons, swinging links of the same shape as the connectinglinks and connected to bolts sliding in the slots of the angle irons ofthe lowest units, pivots connected to the fittings of the upper unitsone-half way between the upper edge of the lowest unit and the upperedge of the top unit, and links mounted on said pivots joining thepivots to the swinging links and detachably connected to the latter.

8 Concrete wall boxing of the type claimed in claim 7 and adapted forthe casting of insets, in which the bolts which slide in the centralslots of the angle iron of the lowest units are connected to the lowestends of the swinging links through additional adjustable links.

9. Concrete wall boxing according to claim 7 and containing an oddnumber of units in each series, in which the central projections of theconnecting links are extended to form pivots for the links connected tothe swinging links. I

10. Concrete well boxing according to claim 7 in which an even number ofunits are present in each series and in which the pivots, to which theswinging links are oined by the joining links, are formed by boltsslidable in the center of the central slots of the upper angle ironfittings.

Signed at New York, New York, this 15th day of August, 1925.

ALBERT COOPER.

